Address by
Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee, Prime Minister of India
New
York
September 13, 2002
Mr.
President,
I
congratulate you on your election as President of the 57th
General Assembly. We wish you success and pledge our whole-hearted
support.
I
also extend my best wishes to Secretary General Kofi Annan in this first
year of his second term in office.
Mr.
President,
Two days ago, we commemorated the first
anniversary of a terrible event, which focused the collective global
consciousness on international terrorism.
Terrorism did not start on September 11.
It was on that day that it brazenly announced itself on the global
stage, flaunting its immunity from distance and power.
As a country exposed to the depredations of
terrorism for decades, India empathized with the pain of the American
people, admired their resilience in coming to terms with the consequences,
and supported the bold decision to counterattack terrorism at its very
source.
The international community has taken some
collective decisions in the global effort to combat terrorism and to choke
off its lifelines. The U.N.
Security Council Resolution 1373 contains the essence of these decisions.
Its Counter-Terrorism Committee should now move beyond information
compilation and legal assistance to enforcing compliance by states known
to be sponsoring, sheltering, funding, arming and training terrorists.
In our South Asian region, nuclear blackmail
has emerged over the last few months as a new arrow in the quiver of
State-sponsored terrorism. Dark
threats were held out that actions by India to stamp out cross-border
terrorism could provoke a nuclear war.
To succumb to such blatant nuclear terrorism would mean forgetting
the bitter lessons of the September 11 tragedy.
As far as India is concerned, we have
repeatedly clarified that no one in our country wants a war --
conventional or otherwise. Nor are we seeking any territory.
But
absolutely everyone in India wants an end to the cross-border terrorism
which has claimed thousands of innocent lives and denied entire
generations their right to a peaceful existence with normal economic and
social activity. We are determined to end it with all the means at our
command. Let there be no doubt about it in any quarter.
Mr.
President,
Yesterday
we heard the extraordinary claim in this Assembly that the brutal murder
of innocent civilians in Jammu & Kashmir is actually a “freedom
struggle”. And that the
forthcoming elections in that state are a “farce”, since they cannot
be a substitute for a plebiscite demanded over 50 years ago.
It
requires an effort of logical acrobatics to believe that carnage of
innocents is an instrument for freedom and elections are a symbol of
deception and repression!
If
the elections are a mere fraud, why are terrorists being trained and
infiltrated into India at the command of the Inter-Services Intelligence
Agency of Pakistan to kill election candidates and to intimidate voters?
If
Pakistan claims to be a crucial partner in the international coalition
against terrorism, how can it continue to use terrorism as an instrument
of state policy against India?
How can the international coalition condone Pakistan-directed killings of thousands of innocent civilians -- women and children included – to promote a bizarre version of “self-determination”?
Those
who speak of “underlying” or “root” causes of terrorism, offer
alibis to the terrorists and absolve them of responsibility for their
heinous actions – such as the September 11 attacks on the United States
or the December 13 attack on our Parliament.
General Musharraf has himself admitted that rigging was responsible for his winning the referendum by a dubious margin of 90 per cent in April this year. As for the “true” democracy he intends to establish in Pakistan, he has rendered it impotent even before the elections are held next month.
Those
who had to “adjust” voting and counting procedures to win a referendum
– and achieved constitutional authority by the simple expedient of
writing their own constitution – are ill-placed to lecture others on
freedom and democracy.
Mr.
President,
Yesterday
we heard yet another patently false and self-serving claim that in India,
Muslims and other minorities are the target of “Hindu extremists”.
With 150 million, India has the second largest Muslim population in the
world, more than in Pakistan. We are proud of the multi-religious
character of our society. Equal respect for all faiths, and
non-discrimination on the basis of religion, is not just our
Constitutional obligation. As the whole world knows, it is the signature
tune of India’s civilisation and culture.
Mr.
President,
We have to
recognize that the developmental divide between the North and the South is
becoming wider and deeper by the day.
The challenges that face us are stark and there is no alternative
to all the countries of the world joining hands to face them together.
Over the last decade, 10 million people have been joining the ranks of the
poor each year. A quarter of
the world’s population lives in extreme poverty.
A million lives are
lost to malaria each year. Tuberculosis claims twice as many lives
annually. One-fifth of humanity does not have access to safe drinking
water.
We have to find US$ 24 billion annually for investment in poor countries
if we are to achieve the World Food Summit goal of halving hunger by 2015.
It was this bleak picture that we addressed in our Millennium Declaration
in 2000 with a time-bound road map for poverty eradication, with goals and
targets to be achieved by 2015. The Monterrey Conference on Financing for
Development was an encouraging beginning in the effort to enhance
international financing for development.
Continuation of widespread poverty, at a time when unimaginable wealth is
concentrated in a small social layer, is totally unacceptable. The 21st
century has all the means to end this sad legacy of the past centuries.
What is lacking is the political will among the developed countries to
sincerely and speedily address the legitimate developmental needs of the
developing countries, especially the least developed ones.
The
poor of the world, as also the more enlightened sections of the rich
around the world, would like the United Nations to spearhead efforts to
end the systemic indifference towards poverty. The agenda of action that
would achieve this objective is clear:
·
One,
asymmetry in trading relations between developing and developed nations;
the problem of declining prices for commodities from developing countries;
and all unjustified barriers to their exports must be removed.
·
Two,
extreme volatility in global energy markets has been causing havoc with
the trade and fiscal balances of developing countries. This must end.
·
Three,
unpredictability in global capital movements, which periodically devastate
the economies of developing countries, must be controlled.
·
Four,
malfeasant corporate practices, which drain off the natural resources and
traditional knowledge base of developing countries without fair
compensation, must be dealt with sternly.
Casting
an even longer shadow over this grim developmental canvas is global
climate change - from which the poor will suffer the most, though they
contributed the least to it. The recent floods and forest fires in Europe
are a forewarning that the countries of Asia and Africa are not the only
victims of the fury of a degraded environment. The Earth’s atmosphere
and biosphere know no national boundaries.
The choice before the global community is stark: Either we take
urgent steps to protect the environment, or be prepared for far worse
natural calamities.
Early
this month, the Johannesburg Summit for Sustainable Development debated
some of the linkages between poverty, trade, environment, national,
international & corporate governance and global financial flows. We
emerged from the Summit with some encouraging outcomes, but these fell
well short of the demands of our time.
It
has become a categorical imperative to understand, and address, man’s
developmental needs in their totality – and not in isolated parts. It is
disconcerting that the highways of development are jammed by the noisy and
unruly traffic of materialism and its brash cousin, consumerism. Human
values have become mute bystanders in most political, economic and social
activities.
The
result of this imbalance between our material and non-material needs can
never be happy for mankind. On the contrary, by placing compassion, care,
fellow feeling, cooperation and other human values in the driver’s seat,
we are bound to get the right solutions to every problem on our planet.
Humanity
is crying out for a harmonious integration of the economic, social,
political, environmental and spiritual dimensions of development. This
task calls for the closest possible cooperation among nations and
communities, with a readiness to accept the best from every cultural and
spiritual tradition around the globe. The United Nations needs to take up
newer and bigger initiatives in this direction.
In
this Assembly, less than a year ago - and in the US Congress the year
before – I had extended India’s offer to coordinate a Comprehensive
Global Development Dialogue. I reiterate that offer today. If we are to
achieve the development goals we have promised ourselves by 2015, we need
such a dialogue urgently.
Mr.
President,
As we come together once again at the United Nations, at a time of new and varied challenges, we should reflect on our collective commitment to the UN Charter, its purposes and principles. There is a growing perception – particularly among the weaker and poorer countries – that responses to issues of far-reaching impact often seem arbitrary or contradictory.
A
common destiny is at stake. The world needs collective multilateralism. It
needs the United Nations – the coming together and working together of
all its nations in the development of a common and collective perspective.
Conflicts
arise when there is no spirit of democracy within and among nations. A
genuinely democratic framework enables us to respect alternative points of
view, to value diversity, and to fashion solutions responsive to the
aspirations of the people.
India’s
own experience as a hugely populated and diverse nation shows how complex
problems can be addressed within a constitutional and democratic
framework.
These
values need to be assiduously nurtured in our societies, so that at least
a future generation is rid of the scourge of poverty, intolerance,
obscurantism and religious extremism.
Democratic
societies are far less prone to ideologies based on violence or militarist
yearnings, since they do not have their fingers permanently on the trigger
of a gun. We have to be vigilant against threats to democracy worldwide
arising from forces that are opposed to it, be they rooted in
fundamentalist political dogmas or extremist religious ideologies.
Mr.
President,
All
of us are aware of the challenges. Most of us are agreed that a stable
global order has to rest on the four strong pillars of peace, security,
sustainable development and democracy.
We have to ensure that each of these pillars is strong and
resilient.
We
are conscious of our collective responsibility. It is the leap from this
theoretical understanding to its practical realization, which we have
often failed to execute. We should not fail again. Our future generations
will not forgive us if we do.
Thank
you.